| 背景信息 |
TNF receptor superfamily member 10c (DcR1/CD263) is a cell surface protein that functions as a decoy receptor within the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. While it possesses an extracellular TRAIL-binding domain similar to death receptors, it lacks a functional intracellular death domain and is anchored to the membrane via a GPI linkage. Consequently, it is incapable of initiating apoptotic signaling. Instead, it acts as an antagonist by competing with pro-apoptotic receptors, such as DR4 and DR5, for binding to the ligand TRAIL, thereby protecting cells from TRAIL-mediated cell death. The expression of this receptor is regulated by p53 and is inducible by DNA damage. Notably, while widely expressed in normal tissues, it is frequently downregulated or absent in many cancer cell lines, contributing to the selective sensitivity of malignant cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. |