| 背景信息 |
Mast cell expressed membrane protein 1 (MCEMP1) is a single-pass type II transmembrane protein predominantly expressed in myeloid lineage cells, including lung-resident mast cells, classical monocytes, and alveolar macrophages. It functions as an adaptor for the receptor tyrosine kinase KIT, facilitating stem cell factor (SCF)-mediated mast cell proliferation through its immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif, enhancing KIT autophosphorylation and downstream signaling. MCEMP1 is upregulated by transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) via SMAD3 and SP1 transcription factors, influencing monocyte chemotaxis, adhesion, and migration by modulating RHO GTPase activity. Its expression is markedly increased in inflammatory lung conditions such as asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), correlating with disease severity. In asthma models, MCEMP1 deficiency reduces airway inflammation and lung impairment, while in IPF, elevated MCEMP1 in monocytes and alveolar macrophages associates with poor prognosis and promotes fibrotic progression by regulating immune cell migration and activation. |